Cell and tissue distribution and developmental change of neuron specific 14 kDa protein (phosphoneuroprotein 14).

In the present paper, the distribution of a neuron-specific phosphoneuroprotein 14 (PNP 14) in cell and tissue was investigated in detail by the immunoblot method using affinity-purified antibody against this protein. The immunoblot of the supernatant fractions of various tissue homogenates of rat clearly demonstrated that PNP 14 was enormously rich in the brain. The content in rat brain was as much as 0.1% of the homogenate. The immunocytochemical study showed that the protein was localized at nerve endings in the cerebellum. Existence of the protein was also confirmed in cultured neuronal cells from postnatal rat midbrain, but not in glial cells. Examination of subcellular localization of PNP 14 indicates that the protein was present in synaptic plasma membranes and synaptic supernatant fractions, but not in synaptic vesicles. During the development of rat brain, PNP 14 came into existence after birth and it's amount linearly increased to a maximum at 21-28 days after birth. The content of the protein then remained at the same level for more than 10 months. We concluded that this protein is neuron specific and supposed that it may be involved in neuronal formation and function.