Ottoni C M, Penna F J, Oliveira C G, Souza C J
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Pediatria da Faculdade de Medicina, Brasil.
Bol Oficina Sanit Panam. 1995 Feb;118(2):108-14.
The main objective of this transverse study was to investigate the presence of serologic markers of infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBsAg or HBsAb) among dentistry students before and after they began to have contact with patients; among dentists; and, for purposes of comparison with the latter group, among professionals outside the biological sciences in the municipality of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Secondarily, the association between the prevalence of infection, the frequency of performing potentially infective dental procedures, and the use of protective barriers was studied. Among 88 students at the beginning of their course of study (average age = 20.0 years), the proportion of positive individuals was 6.8%; among 84 students concluding their studies (average age = 23.4 years), the proportion was 7.1% (P = 0.829). In the group of 202 dentists (average age = 44.0 years), 23.3% were positive, while among the other professionals (202 individuals, average age = 44.3 years), the proportion was 14.9%, for an odds ratio of 1.75 (95% CI = 1.02 to 2.98; P = 0.042). While 91.7% of the students reported that they routinely used surgical masks, only 16.7% said they regularly wore gloves. Among the dentists, these proportions were 49.8% and 9.4%, respectively. No association was found between risk factors and the use of such protection and the prevalence of infection in the different groups studied.
这项横向研究的主要目的是调查牙科专业学生在开始接触患者之前和之后乙肝病毒感染的血清学标志物（HBsAg或HBsAb）的存在情况；调查牙医中的情况；并且，为了与后一组进行比较，调查巴西贝洛奥里藏特市生物科学领域以外的专业人员中的情况。其次，研究了感染患病率、进行潜在感染性牙科操作的频率与使用防护屏障之间的关联。在88名刚开始课程学习的学生中（平均年龄=20.0岁），阳性个体的比例为6.8%；在84名完成学业的学生中（平均年龄=23.4岁），该比例为7.1%（P=0.829）。在202名牙医组中（平均年龄=44.0岁），23.3%呈阳性，而在其他专业人员中（202人，平均年龄=44.3岁），该比例为14.9%，优势比为1.75（95%CI=1.02至2.98；P=0.042）。虽然91.7%的学生报告说他们经常使用外科口罩，但只有16.7%的学生说他们经常戴手套。在牙医中，这些比例分别为49.8%和9.4%。在所研究的不同组中，未发现危险因素与使用此类防护措施和感染患病率之间存在关联。
