Arnold L E, Huestis R D, Smeltzer D J, Scheib J, Wemmer D, Colner G
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1976 Mar;33(3):292-301. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1976.01770030012002.
Double-blind crossover randomized Latin square comparison of placebo, dextroamphetamine, and levoamphetamine in 31 consecutively diagnosed children with minimal brain dysfunction (MBD) replicated a smaller nonrandom study. Both isomers showed significantly more benefit than placebo but were not significantly different from each other. Dextroamphetamine showed a nonsignificant trend of superiority over levoamphetamine. Of 25 subjects who responded well to drugs, three responded only to levoamphetamine, five only to dextroamphetamine, and 17 to both. This study seems to confirm the efficacy of levoamphetamine in MBD. An unsocialized aggressive subgroup (308.4) showed a nonsignificant trend for levoamphetamine superiority, in contrast to the hyperkinetic (308.0) and overanxious (308.2) subgroups. Those who responded best to levoamphetamine tended (not significantly) to be from poorer functioning families. Parents' ratings, but not teachers' or psychiatrists' ratings, showed significant placebo effect.
对31名连续诊断为轻度脑功能障碍（MBD）的儿童进行安慰剂、右旋苯丙胺和左旋苯丙胺的双盲交叉随机拉丁方比较，重复了一项规模较小的非随机研究。两种异构体都显示出比安慰剂有显著更多的益处，但彼此之间没有显著差异。右旋苯丙胺显示出比左旋苯丙胺有不显著的优势趋势。在25名对药物反应良好的受试者中，3名仅对左旋苯丙胺有反应，5名仅对右旋苯丙胺有反应，17名对两者都有反应。这项研究似乎证实了左旋苯丙胺对MBD的疗效。与多动（308.0）和过度焦虑（308.2）亚组相比，一个未社会化攻击亚组（308.4）显示出左旋苯丙胺有不显著的优势趋势。对左旋苯丙胺反应最佳的人往往（不显著）来自功能较差的家庭。父母的评分显示出显著的安慰剂效应，而教师或精神科医生的评分则没有。
