Renner E
Dairy Science Section, Faculty of Agriculture, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
J Dairy Sci. 1994 Dec;77(12):3498-505. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77291-X.
Single-photon absorptiometry was used to measure the bone mineral content of young adults, osteoporotic patients, and age-matched controls without bone disease. A retrospective dietary survey was made to study the relationship between calcium intake and bone mineral content at different periods of life. The bone mineral content and bone mineral density of young adults are directly related to the calcium intake through milk and diary products. Calcium intake through milk and milk products in childhood and adolescence had been significantly lower in patients than in the controls; for the later periods of life (both the 20 to 30 yr prior to the study and at the time of the study), no significant differences existed between the calcium intakes of the two groups. Adequate calcium intake also protected against increased bone resorption, as evidenced in particular by the reduced serum osteocalcin, a parameter of bone turnover. The data support the hypothesis that adequate calcium intake through milk and milk products in childhood and adolescence is a decisive marker for attaining maximum bone mass (peak adult bone mass) and for the prevention of osteoporosis. The recommended dietary allowances of calcium have been fixed to 1200 mg/d for the age group between 10 and 24 yr. However, in Germany, calcium was undersupplied by up to 50% in the diet of children and adolescents.
采用单光子吸收法测量年轻人、骨质疏松患者以及无骨病的年龄匹配对照者的骨矿物质含量。进行了一项回顾性饮食调查，以研究不同生命阶段钙摄入量与骨矿物质含量之间的关系。年轻人的骨矿物质含量和骨密度与通过牛奶及奶制品摄入的钙直接相关。患者在童年和青春期通过牛奶及奶制品摄入的钙显著低于对照组；在生命后期（研究前的20至30年以及研究时），两组的钙摄入量无显著差异。充足的钙摄入还能防止骨吸收增加，血清骨钙素降低尤其证明了这一点，血清骨钙素是骨转换的一个参数。这些数据支持这样的假设，即童年和青春期通过牛奶及奶制品摄入充足的钙是达到最大骨量（成人峰值骨量）以及预防骨质疏松的决定性标志。10至24岁年龄组的钙推荐膳食摄入量定为1200毫克/天。然而，在德国，儿童和青少年饮食中的钙供应不足高达50%。
