Holland G R
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Arch Oral Biol. 1994;39 Suppl:3S-11S. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(94)90182-1.
This review considers those structural features of the pulp and dentine relevant to an understanding of dentine sensitivity. It does not discuss innervation, or microvasculature, which are covered in other contributions. The sensitivity of dentine is directly related to the size and patency of the dentinal tubules. Tubular occlusion by peritubular dentine deposition or the formation of other intratubular material would reduce the flow of fluid and diffusion of molecules through dentine. Irregular (reparative) secondary dentine would, because its tubules are not continuous with those of primary dentine, be expected to reduce permeability and fluid flow and decrease sensitivity. Regular secondary dentine would have little or no effect other than by increasing diffusion distances. The odontoblast layer is of limited permeability and could restrict the access of materials diffusing through the dentinal tubules to pulpal axons. Odontoblasts are not involved in the sensory process as special sensory receptors but may, by modifying the local ionic environment, alter the threshold of intradentinal nerves.
本综述探讨了牙髓和牙本质的结构特征，这些特征与理解牙本质敏感相关。本文不讨论神经支配或微脉管系统，这些内容在其他文献中有阐述。牙本质的敏感性与牙本质小管的大小和通畅程度直接相关。管周牙本质沉积或其他管内物质的形成导致的小管阻塞会减少液体流动以及分子在牙本质中的扩散。不规则（修复性）继发性牙本质，因其小管与原发性牙本质的小管不连续，预计会降低通透性和液体流动并降低敏感性。规则继发性牙本质除了增加扩散距离外，几乎没有影响。成牙本质细胞层通透性有限，可能会限制通过牙本质小管扩散的物质进入牙髓轴突。成牙本质细胞不作为特殊感觉受体参与感觉过程，但可能通过改变局部离子环境来改变牙本质内神经的阈值。
