Williams C A, Valdivieso G C
Clin Nurse Spec. 1994 Nov;8(6):311-8.
The purposes of this article are to present advanced practice nursing models, explore similarities and differences in roles of clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) and nurse practitioners (NPs) in South Carolina, and relate findings to the advanced practice nursing models. A questionnaire was mailed to advanced practice nurses (APNs) listed with the board of nursing, which yielded a convenience sample of 228 nurses; sixty-two percent were classified as CNSs and 30% as NPs. CNSs spent significantly less time in direct practice and more time in education, consultation, research, and administration than did NPs. Satisfaction was high for both CNSs and NPs and was related to the quality of perceived support for the role and to relationships with key staff. Respondents were engaged in a variety of revenue-generating activities and provided additional suggestions for ways in which APNs could generate additional revenue. Results support previous literature suggesting greater ambiguity in the CNS role as compared with the NP, but also suggest that differences in role are primarily related to relative emphasis on direct practice. Findings tend to support viewing CNS and NP roles as dual pathways to advanced practice or as overlapping roles, with areas of shared and unique activity.
本文的目的是介绍高级实践护理模式，探讨南卡罗来纳州临床护理专家（CNSs）和执业护士（NPs）角色的异同，并将研究结果与高级实践护理模式相关联。向护理委员会列出的高级实践护士（APNs）邮寄了一份问卷，获得了一个由228名护士组成的便利样本；62%被归类为CNSs，30%为NPs。与NPs相比，CNSs在直接实践中花费的时间显著更少，而在教育、咨询、研究和管理方面花费的时间更多。CNSs和NPs的满意度都很高，且与对角色的感知支持质量以及与关键工作人员的关系有关。受访者参与了各种创收活动，并就APNs增加收入的方式提供了其他建议。结果支持了先前的文献，表明与NP相比，CNS角色的模糊性更大，但也表明角色差异主要与对直接实践的相对重视程度有关。研究结果倾向于支持将CNS和NP角色视为高级实践的双重途径或重叠角色，具有共同和独特的活动领域。
