Late antiquity witnessed one revolution in the medical scene: the birth of the hospital. (1) Literary sources occasionally mention hospitals, but only documents from Egypt reveal how widespread they were. (2) The origin of the hospital as an independent institution for the care and treatment of the sick can be dated to the third quarter of the fourth century AD. (3) Documents from Egypt record a multitude of hospitals founded by private individuals and independent of ecclesiastical institutions. (4) The will of a public physician from Antinoöpolis documents the involvement of professionals in the hospitals of late antiquity. (5) The hospital resolved major tensions in the medical, ecclesiastical and religious scenes of late antiquity.
医院的诞生。（1）文献资料偶尔会提及医院，但只有来自埃及的文献揭示了它们的普及程度。（2）医院作为一个独立的机构来照顾和治疗病人，其起源可以追溯到公元4世纪的第三个季度。（3）来自埃及的文献记录了许多由私人建立且独立于教会机构的医院。（4）安提诺波利斯一位公共医生的遗嘱证明了专业人员参与了古代晚期的医院事务。（5）医院解决了古代晚期医学、教会和宗教领域的重大矛盾。
