呼吸爆发氧化酶的激活
Activation of the respiratory burst oxidase.
作者信息
Babior B M
机构信息
Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California.
出版信息
Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Dec;102 Suppl 10(Suppl 10):53-6. doi: 10.1289/ehp.94102s1053.
The respiratory burst oxidase of phagocytes and B lymphocytes catalyzes the reduction of oxygen by NADPH to form O2-, the precursor of a group of reactive oxidants that are employed by phagocytes as microbicidal agents. The enzyme is active in stimulated cells but dominant in resting cells. It molecular weight guanine nucleotide-binding protein. The components p22phox and gp91phox from cytochrome b558, a flavohemoprotein that resides in the cortical cytoskeleton and in the membranes of the specific granules. The other components are found in the cytosol of resting cells, but migrate to the cortical cytoskeleton when the neutrophils are activated, where they assemble the active oxidase. Migration to the cortical cytoskeleton is caused in part by the appearance of a membrane binding site on one or more of the cytosolic subunits, possibly due to the phosphorylation of p47phox that takes place during cell activation.
吞噬细胞和B淋巴细胞的呼吸爆发氧化酶催化NADPH将氧气还原形成超氧阴离子（O2-），超氧阴离子是一组活性氧化剂的前体，吞噬细胞将其用作杀微生物剂。该酶在受刺激的细胞中具有活性，但在静息细胞中占主导地位。它是一种分子量的鸟嘌呤核苷酸结合蛋白。细胞色素b558中的p22phox和gp91phox成分，细胞色素b558是一种黄素血红蛋白，存在于皮质细胞骨架和特定颗粒的膜中。其他成分存在于静息细胞的胞质溶胶中，但当中性粒细胞被激活时会迁移到皮质细胞骨架，在那里它们组装活性氧化酶。迁移到皮质细胞骨架部分是由于一个或多个胞质亚基上出现膜结合位点，这可能是由于细胞激活过程中发生的p47phox磷酸化所致。
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