Pérez Ponce de León G, Brooks D R
Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
J Parasitol. 1995 Apr;81(2):267-77.
Quantitative phylogenetic analysis of 20 nominal genera of the Pronocephalidae based on 47 morphological transformation series produced 6 equally parsimonious trees, each with a consistency index of 77.8%. All trees agree that Adenogaster is the sister group to the rest of the pronocephalids, and a new subfamily is proposed for it. The Pronocephalinae comprises Pronocephalus, Ruicephalus, Neopronocephalus, Macravestibulum, Choanophorus, Cetiosaccus, and Metacetabulum. The Charaxicephalinae comprises Charaxicephalus, Desmogonius, Diaschistorchis, Pleurogonius, Iguanacola, Renigonius, Parapleurogonius, Himasomum, Pyelosomum, Cricocephalus, Barisomum, and Pseudobarisomum. An amended diagnosis for Himasomum is presented. The trees differ only in the placements of Pleurogonius, Renigonius + Parapleurogonius, Iguanacola, and Himasomum relative to each other. Parapronocephalum and Notocotyloides are members of the clade containing the Notocotylidae. The phylogenetic tree supports interpretations of 3-4 transitions from marine to freshwater turtles, 3 host switches from marine turtles to the Galapagos marine iguana and 3 from marine turtles to the French angelfish, and widespread host switching among marine chelonians. No switches to non-chelonian hosts coincide with transitions from marine to freshwater.
基于47个形态转变系列对原头科20个命名属进行的系统发育定量分析产生了6棵同等简约的树，每棵树的一致性指数为77.8%。所有的树都认为腺腹属是其余原头科动物的姐妹群，并为此提出了一个新亚科。原头亚科包括原头属、鲁氏头属、新原头属、巨前庭属、漏斗头属、鲸囊属和后髋臼属。叉头亚科包括叉头属、脱钩属、双盘属、侧头属、鬣蜥窝属、肾形属、副侧头属、希马索属、肾盂属、环头属、巴里索属和假巴里索属。给出了希马索属的修订诊断。这些树之间的差异仅在于侧头属与肾形属+副侧头属、鬣蜥窝属和希马索属之间的相对位置。副原头属和背杯形属是包含背杯科的进化枝的成员。系统发育树支持了从海龟到淡水龟有3 - 4次转变、从海龟到加拉帕戈斯海鬣蜥有3次宿主转换以及从海龟到法国神仙鱼有3次宿主转换的解释，以及海栖龟类之间广泛的宿主转换。没有向非龟类宿主的转换与从海栖到淡水的转变同时发生。
