日本鸟取县部分接种疫苗的初中发生了两起独立的麻疹疫情。

Two independent outbreaks of measles in partially vaccinated junior high schools in Tottori, Japan.

作者信息

Kawamoto A, Honda T, Ishida K, Ozeki T, Hayashibara H, Shiraki K, Hino S

机构信息

Tottori Prefectural Public Health Laboratory, Japan.

出版信息

Arch Virol. 1995;140(2):349-54. doi: 10.1007/BF01309868.

DOI:10.1007/BF01309868

PMID:7710360

Abstract

We analyzed retrospectively a relative risk of measles attacks in vaccinated vs. unvaccinated students using two independent outbreaks in Japan. The first involved 33/328 (10%) students where 64% students and 30% measles cases had been vaccinated. The second involved 27/241 (11%) students where 81% students and 48% measles cases had been vaccinated. The attack rates of vaccinated vs. unvaccinated students were significantly low (p < 0.001), but they accounted 25% in both episodes. The statistically significant clinical features among vaccinated and unvaccinated cases included the average duration of fever, 5.16 +/- 1.71 vs. 6.67 +/- 2.19 days (p = 0.01) and the incidence of complications, 0 vs. 25%, respectively. These results suggested that the measles in vaccinated cases were mostly due to secondary failures.

摘要

我们利用日本的两起独立疫情，回顾性分析了接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的学生感染麻疹的相对风险。第一起疫情涉及33/328（10%）名学生，其中64%的学生和30%的麻疹病例接种过疫苗。第二起疫情涉及27/241（11%）名学生，其中81%的学生和48%的麻疹病例接种过疫苗。接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的学生的发病率显著较低（p<0.001），但在两起疫情中均占25%。接种疫苗和未接种疫苗病例之间具有统计学意义的临床特征包括平均发热持续时间，分别为5.16±1.71天和6.67±2.19天（p = 0.01），以及并发症发生率，分别为0和25%。这些结果表明，接种疫苗病例中的麻疹大多是由于继发性疫苗接种失败。