Dietary fish oil and olive oil improve the liver insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in high sucrose fed rats.

In order to shed light on the possible beneficial effect of dietary unsaturated fatty acids on insulin binding, the effect of fish oil and olive oil administration on insulin binding, autophosphorylation and tyrosine kinase activity of partially purified liver insulin receptors were investigated. These data were confronted with the parameters of sugar and lipid metabolism (blood glucose, insulin and triglycerides), with liver plasma membrane fluidity and fatty acid composition. High sucrose feeding resulted in the elevation of blood glucose and triglyceride level, while the supplementation of animals with fish oil reduced that of triglycerides and olive oil that of insulin. Any significant changes between experimental groups were not detected either in insulin binding to partially purified liver insulin receptor nor in receptor autophosphorylation. However, the insulin stimulated tyrosine kinase activity towards an exogenous substrate (poly(Glu,Tyr)) was decreased by about 50% in the receptors solubilized from liver membranes of sucrose fed rats. Increased dietary intake of fish oil or olive oil restored the activity of insulin tyrosine kinase towards control values, half maximal effect being obtained at similar insulin concentration in all groups. Such improvement might be due to the induced increase of membrane fluidity by unsaturated fatty acids, and/or to the decrease of insulinemia.