Ehrich M, Jortner B S, Padilla S
Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg 24061.
Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1995 Jan;24(1):94-101. doi: 10.1006/faat.1995.1011.
Inhibition of neuropathy target esterase (NTE, neurotoxic esterase) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities was compared in brain and spinal cords of adult While Leghorn hens and adult male Long Evan rats 4-48 hr after administration of triortho-tolyl phosphate (TOTP po, 50-500 mg/kg to hens; 300-1000 mg/kg to rats), phenyl saligenin phosphate (PSP im 0.1-2.5 mg/kg to hens; 5-24 mg/kg to rats), mipafox (3-30 mg/kg ip to hens and rats), diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP sc, 0.25-1.0 mg/kg to hens; 1-3 mg/kg to rats), dichlorvos (5-60 mg/kg ip to hens; 600-2000 mg/kg to rats), and carbaryl (300-560 mg/kg ip to hens; 30-170 mg/kg to rats). Inhibitions of NTE and AChE were dose-related after administration of all compounds to both species. Hens and rats given TOTP, PSP, mipafox, and DFP demonstrated delayed neuropathy 3 weeks later, with spinal cord lesions and clinical signs more notable in hens. Ratios of NTE/AChE inhibition in hen spinal cord, averaged over the doses used, were 2.6 after TOTP, 5.2 after PSP, 1.3 after mipafox, and 0.9 after DFP, which contrast with 0.53 after dichlorvos, 1.0 after malathion, and 0.46 after carbaryl. Rat NTE/AChE inhibition ratios were 0.9 after TOTP, 2.6 after PSP, 1.0 after mipafox, 0.62 after DFP, 1.3 after dichlorvos, 2.2 after malathion, and 1.1 after carbaryl. The lower NTE/AChE ratios in rats given dosages of the four organophosphorus compounds that caused delayed neuropathy interferred with survival, an effect that was not a problem in hens.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
比较了成年白来航母鸡和成年雄性长 Evans 大鼠在经口给予磷酸三邻甲苯酯（TOTP，母鸡 50 - 500 mg/kg；大鼠 300 - 1000 mg/kg）、苯基水杨磷（PSP，母鸡皮下注射 0.1 - 2.5 mg/kg；大鼠 5 - 24 mg/kg）、丙胺氟磷（3 - 30 mg/kg 腹腔注射给母鸡和大鼠）、二异丙基氟磷酸酯（DFP，母鸡皮下注射 0.25 - 1.0 mg/kg；大鼠 1 - 3 mg/kg）、敌敌畏（母鸡 5 - 60 mg/kg 腹腔注射；大鼠 600 - 2000 mg/kg）和西维因（母鸡 300 - 560 mg/kg 腹腔注射；大鼠 30 - 170 mg/kg）后 4 - 48 小时，其脑和脊髓中神经病变靶酯酶（NTE，神经毒性酯酶）和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性的抑制情况。给两个物种施用所有化合物后，NTE 和 AChE 的抑制均与剂量相关。给予 TOTP、PSP、丙胺氟磷和 DFP 的母鸡和大鼠在 3 周后出现迟发性神经病变，脊髓病变和临床症状在母鸡中更明显。在所使用的剂量范围内，母鸡脊髓中 NTE/AChE 抑制率的平均值在 TOTP 后为 2.6，PSP 后为 5.2，丙胺氟磷后为 1.3，DFP 后为 0.9，与之形成对比的是敌敌畏后为 0.53，马拉硫磷后为 1.0，西维因后为 0.46。大鼠的 NTE/AChE 抑制率在 TOTP 后为 0.9，PSP 后为 2.6，丙胺氟磷后为 1.0，DFP 后为 0.62，敌敌畏后为 1.3，马拉硫磷后为 2.2，西维因后为 1.1。给予导致迟发性神经病变的四种有机磷化合物剂量的大鼠中较低的 NTE/AChE 比率影响了其存活，而这在母鸡中不是问题。（摘要截短于 250 字）
