Day L, Drought T, Davis A J
Neurological Intensive Care Unit, University of California, USA.
J Adv Nurs. 1995 Feb;21(2):295-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1995.tb02525.x.
Nurses often institute artificial feeding for patients who would otherwise starve. Recently, the courts in the United States have favoured withholding or withdrawing feedings from patients who currently refuse or previously gave some indication they would refuse artificial nutrition and hydration. This paper investigates under what circumstances nurses feel justified in withholding artificial nutrition and hydration. Structured interviews were conducted with 40 cancer care nurses from two sites, and 40 dementia care nurses from two sites. The interviews were based on two vignettes, one involving an alert patient with terminal cancer, the other a patient suffering end-stage Alzheimer's dementia, and were analysed for themes coinciding with principles of deontological ethics. Investigators found that autonomy, beneficence and non-maleficence most often guided nurses' decisions to withhold or implement artificial feeding.
护士常常会为那些否则就会挨饿的患者实施人工喂养。最近，美国法院倾向于不给目前拒绝或之前曾表示会拒绝人工营养和水分补充的患者提供或停止提供此类喂养。本文探讨在何种情况下护士会觉得不给患者提供人工营养和水分补充是合理的。对来自两个地点的40名癌症护理护士以及来自两个地点的40名痴呆症护理护士进行了结构化访谈。访谈基于两个案例，一个涉及一名患有晚期癌症的清醒患者，另一个是患有晚期阿尔茨海默病痴呆症的患者，并分析了与道义论伦理原则相符的主题。调查人员发现，自主性、行善原则和不伤害原则最常指导护士做出不给患者提供或实施人工喂养的决定。
