Abraham S, Llewellyn-Jones D, Perz J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Maturitas. 1994 Dec;20(2-3):121-8. doi: 10.1016/0378-5122(94)90007-8.
The symptoms and perceptions of menopause of 60 Australian women were studied, by questionnaire, when they were premenopausal and 10 years later when they were postmenopausal. Menopausal symptoms expected and experienced by the women were compared, fewer women experiencing hot flushes, headache, depression and nervousness and more experiencing insomnia, increase in appetite, abdominal fullness, numbness and muscular problems. The symptoms women thought were due to hormonal changes at menopause were compared. In 1993 more women cited osteoporosis, insomnia, loss of libido, obesity and loss of muscle tone as due to hormone change while fewer cited depression. The premenstrual symptoms and their severity experienced by a woman when she was premenopausal significantly predicts the type and severity of the menopausal symptoms experienced by the woman. The expected menopausal symptoms and their severity cited by a woman also significantly predicts the type of severity of the menopausal symptoms experienced. More premenstrual symptoms predict the menopausal symptoms than those menopausal symptoms the women expected. The expectation menopause will be 'a relief' or 'a nuisance' significantly predicted the overall menopause experience described by the women. Their negative attitudes about doctors' understanding and information available about menopause remained unchanged but they forget menstrual cycle problems over the 10 years. The results suggest a possible physiological basis for premenstrual and menopausal symptoms. Assistance for women with their premenstrual and menstrual cycle symptoms may improve their quality of life at menopause.
通过问卷调查研究了60名澳大利亚女性在绝经前以及绝经10年后的更年期症状和感受。比较了这些女性预期和实际经历的更年期症状，经历潮热、头痛、抑郁和紧张的女性较少，而经历失眠、食欲增加、腹部胀满、麻木和肌肉问题的女性较多。比较了女性认为由更年期激素变化引起的症状。1993年，更多女性认为骨质疏松、失眠、性欲减退、肥胖和肌肉张力丧失是由激素变化导致的，而认为是由抑郁导致的女性较少。女性在绝经前经历的经前症状及其严重程度能显著预测其绝经后经历的更年期症状的类型和严重程度。女性提及的预期更年期症状及其严重程度也能显著预测其实际经历的更年期症状的严重程度类型。与女性预期的更年期症状相比，更多的经前症状能预测更年期症状。对更年期是“一种解脱”还是“一件麻烦事”的预期能显著预测女性描述的总体更年期体验。她们对医生对更年期的理解和可获得信息的负面态度没有改变，但她们在10年里忘记了月经周期问题。结果表明经前和更年期症状可能存在生理基础。为有经前和月经周期症状的女性提供帮助可能会改善她们的更年期生活质量。
