Biagini R E, Henningsen G M, Klincewicz S L
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Science, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Arch Environ Health. 1995 Jan-Feb;50(1):7-12. doi: 10.1080/00039896.1995.9955006.
Little information exists about possible adverse health effects associated with workplace exposure to opiate compounds. We have previously reported opiate-specific IgG antibodies, positive epicutaneous tests, and pulmonary function decrements in workers exposed occupationally to opiates. In the present work, we extended these findings to investigate the effect of occupational opiate exposure on lymphocyte subpopulations and mitogen-induced lymphoblastogenesis. Thirty-three opiate-exposed workers and 8 nonexposed control workers were evaluated for lymphocyte subpopulation absolute numbers and percentages, by evaluating cell surface antigen expression with flow cytometry. A complete blood count with differential, common clinical chemistry parameters, and serum immunoglobulin levels were also evaluated. Opiate-exposed workers showed significantly (p < .05) increased absolute numbers and percentages of HLA-DR+ cells (MHC class II histocompatibility antigen), significantly (p < .01) decreased percentages of T helper-inducer (CD4+) cells, and significantly (p < .05) decreased numbers of basophils, compared with nonexposed opiate workers from the same factory. A trend toward reduction in the T helper-inducer (CD4+)/T cytotoxic-suppressor (CD8+) lymphocyte ratio was also evident. There was also a significant decrease in lymphocyte activity stimulated by pokeweed mitogen (p < .05) in opiate-exposed workers. These data indicate that occupational opiate exposure may change the number and types of circulating peripheral blood leukocytes, or alternatively, alter the expression of receptors on the surface of these cells. In addition, occupational opiate exposure appears to decrease the sensitivity of B-cells to pokeweed mitogen stimulation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
关于工作场所接触阿片类化合物可能对健康产生的不良影响，目前所知信息甚少。我们之前曾报告过，职业接触阿片类物质的工人中存在阿片类特异性IgG抗体、阳性皮肤试验以及肺功能下降的情况。在本研究中，我们进一步拓展这些发现，以调查职业性阿片类物质接触对淋巴细胞亚群以及丝裂原诱导的淋巴细胞生成的影响。通过流式细胞术评估细胞表面抗原表达，对33名接触阿片类物质的工人和8名未接触的对照工人的淋巴细胞亚群绝对数量和百分比进行了评估。还评估了全血细胞计数及分类、常见临床化学参数和血清免疫球蛋白水平。与同工厂未接触阿片类物质的工人相比，接触阿片类物质的工人中HLA - DR + 细胞（MHC II类组织相容性抗原）的绝对数量和百分比显著增加（p <.05），辅助性T诱导细胞（CD4 +）的百分比显著降低（p <.01），嗜碱性粒细胞数量显著减少（p <.05）。辅助性T诱导细胞（CD4 +）/细胞毒性抑制性T细胞（CD8 +）淋巴细胞比值也有降低趋势。接触阿片类物质的工人中，商陆丝裂原刺激的淋巴细胞活性也显著降低（p <.05）。这些数据表明，职业性阿片类物质接触可能会改变循环外周血白细胞的数量和类型，或者改变这些细胞表面受体的表达。此外，职业性阿片类物质接触似乎会降低B细胞对商陆丝裂原刺激的敏感性。（摘要截短至250字）
