[Study on evolutionary genetics of Drosophila auraria species complex--cladistic analysis and phenetic analysis].

In the present paper, seventeen geographic strains of D. auraria species complex and five geographic strains of other four species, which belong to the montium species subgroup were biochemically examined for the construction of phylogenetic tree based on phenetic and cladistic analysis. Eighteen isoenzymes were analyzed by isoelectric focusing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the above twenty two geographic strains. The phenogram of the D. auraria species complex is supported by UPGMA program of phenetic analysis. It was found that: 1. D. auraria, D. triauraria and D. quadraria grouped as an type are more closely related to one another, and D. biauraria, D. subauraria are more closely related to each other, while the former three species are distantly related to the latter two species. 2. The genetic identity between two geographic strains of same species is higher than the genetic identity between different species, except the geographic strain T-KM of D. triauraria. 3. The geographic strain T-KM, one of the D. triauraria from the southeast isolated islands Kametoku [symbol: see text] of Japan is far more distantly related to the other geographic strains of it. We suggest that the new species or subspecies are diverged from D. triauraria will be due to the geographic speciation mechanisms. 4. The genetic differentiation among eight geographic strains of D. triauraria are much larger than those among three geographic strains of D. auraria, which may be related to their different inhabitation environment as well as their flying ability. On the other hand, a cladistic analysis of the D. auraria species complex are made in the present paper.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)