Veves A, Sarnow M R
Deaconess-Joslin Foot Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 1995 Jan;12(1):19-30.
Neuropathy is one of the most common long-term complications of diabetes. Sensorimotor polyneuropathy first affects the more distal parts of the lower extremities and then spreads more centrally and is therefore the most commonly involved in diabetic foot problems. Autonomic neuropathy causes increased arteriovenous shunting and tissue hypoxia at the feet but also involves other systems, such as the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and genitourinary systems. More than one factor is believed to be involved in its pathogenesis. Good glycemic control can prevent the development of the disease or halt its progression. Other therapeutic factors, currently under investigation in a large clinical trial, include aldose reductase inhibitors and gammalinolenic acid with promising results so far.
神经病变是糖尿病最常见的长期并发症之一。感觉运动性多发性神经病变首先影响下肢的远端部位，然后向更中心部位蔓延，因此是糖尿病足问题中最常涉及的类型。自主神经病变会导致足部动静脉分流增加和组织缺氧，但也会累及其他系统，如胃肠、心血管和泌尿生殖系统。人们认为其发病机制涉及多个因素。良好的血糖控制可以预防该病的发生或阻止其进展。目前正在一项大型临床试验中研究的其他治疗因素包括醛糖还原酶抑制剂和γ-亚麻酸，到目前为止已取得了有希望的结果。
