Eckstein F, Müller-Gerbl M, Steinlechner M, Kierse R, Putz R
Anatomische Anstalt, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Germany.
J Orthop Res. 1995 Mar;13(2):268-78. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100130215.
The functional adaptation of bone tissue to the mechanical stresses acting on it has been convincingly established. This association should apply as well to the subchondral bone, reflecting the long-term distribution of stress over the joint surfaces. Thirty-six specimens of the human elbow joint were investigated by computed tomography osteoabsorptiometry in order to assess the distribution of the subchondral mineralization. The distal surfaces usually were more highly mineralized than the proximal components of the joint, whereas the humeroulnar and the humeroradial parts exhibited a similar degree of mineralization. The fovea of the radial head always showed a central density maximum, and the trochlear notch usually presented a bicentric distribution pattern, with maxima beneath the ventral and dorsal regions of the articular surface. The different patterns of subchondral mineralization were shown to reflect the loading history of the overlying articular surfaces, which is determined mainly by geometrical factors. The flatter socket of the humeroradial joint leads to central load transmission, but the deeper socket of the humeroulnar joint will, by contrast, give rise to bicentric stress distribution.
骨组织对作用于其上的机械应力的功能适应性已得到令人信服的确立。这种关联也应适用于软骨下骨，反映出关节表面应力的长期分布情况。为了评估软骨下矿化的分布，对36个肘关节标本进行了计算机断层扫描骨吸收测量。关节的远端表面矿化程度通常高于近端部分，而肱尺关节和肱桡关节部分的矿化程度相似。桡骨头的中央凹总是显示出中心密度最大值，而滑车切迹通常呈现双中心分布模式，在关节面的腹侧和背侧区域下方有最大值。研究表明，软骨下矿化的不同模式反映了上方关节表面的负荷历史，而这主要由几何因素决定。肱桡关节较平坦的关节窝导致中心负荷传递，而相比之下，肱尺关节较深的关节窝会产生双中心应力分布。
