Pinion J L, Bilgili S F, Eckman M K, Hess J B
Poultry Science Department, Auburn University, Alabama 36849-5416, USA.
Poult Sci. 1995 Feb;74(2):391-7. doi: 10.3382/ps.0740391.
Live performance and skin characteristics of male and female broilers were evaluated under four coccidiostat feed additive programs. Treatments consisted of halofuginone (H) and salinomycin (S), fed either continuously (HH and SS) or in rotational programs (HS and SH) during the starter (1 to 21 d) and grower (22 to 35 d) periods, respectively. An unmedicated withdrawal feed was provided from 36 to 42 d of age. Body weights, feed efficiency, and mortality (by pen) were determined, in addition to skin puncture strength measurements taken at Days 21, 35, and 42 on five birds per pen. At 43 d of age, all birds were processed and individually graded for skin defects. There were no treatment by sex interactions for any variable measured. Male body weights, feed efficiency, and total mortality exceeded those of females (P < .05). Skin puncture strength was reduced at 21 d in the HH and HS groups, at 35 d in the HH and SH groups, and at 42 d in the HH, HS, and SH groups. Thigh sores and scratches were higher for the HH group (P < .05), and thigh skin tears were higher for the HH and HS groups (P < .01). Males had more swollen hock joints and breast blisters than females (P < .001). Females had more thigh skin tears (P < .01) and broken wings (P < .001) than males. Results of the present study demonstrated that halofuginone affected skin strength of broilers, especially when used continuously or only in the starter feed (1 to 21 d).
在四种抗球虫饲料添加剂方案下，对雄性和雌性肉鸡的生长性能和皮肤特性进行了评估。处理组包括常山酮（H）和盐霉素（S），在雏鸡期（1至21日龄）和生长期（22至35日龄）分别持续投喂（HH和SS）或交替投喂（HS和SH）。在36至42日龄时提供无药物添加的撤药期饲料。测定了体重、饲料效率和死亡率（按栏统计），此外还在第21、35和42天对每栏的5只鸡进行了皮肤穿刺强度测量。在43日龄时，对所有鸡进行屠宰并对皮肤缺陷进行个体分级。所测任何变量均不存在性别与处理的交互作用。雄性肉鸡的体重、饲料效率和总死亡率均高于雌性（P < 0.05）。HH组和HS组在21日龄时皮肤穿刺强度降低，HH组和SH组在35日龄时降低，HH组、HS组和SH组在42日龄时降低。HH组的大腿溃疡和抓伤较多（P < 0.05），HH组和HS组的大腿皮肤撕裂较多（P < 0.01）。雄性肉鸡的跗关节肿胀和胸部水泡比雌性多（P < 0.001）。雌性肉鸡的大腿皮肤撕裂（P < 0.01）和翅膀骨折（P < 0.001）比雄性多。本研究结果表明，常山酮会影响肉鸡的皮肤强度，尤其是连续使用或仅在雏鸡期饲料（1至21日龄）中使用时。
