Saarinen J
Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Scand J Psychol. 1995 Mar;36(1):1-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.1995.tb00963.x.
Treisman and Gelade's (1980) feature-integration model claims that the search for separate ("primitive") stimulus features is parallel, but that the conjunctions of those features require serial scan. Recently, evidence has accumulated that parallel processing is not limited to these "primitive" stimulus features, but that combinations of features can also produce parallel search. In the experiments reported here, the processing of feature conjunctions was studied when the stimulus features of a combination were at different spatial scales. The patterns in the search array were composed of three cross-shaped or T-shaped (local) elements, which formed an oblique bar (the global pattern) 45 deg or 135 deg in orientation. When the target and distractors differed from each other at one spatial scale only (either in the bar orientation or in the shape of the local elements), target detection was independent of the number of distractors, i.e., the search was parallel. In the conjunction task, in which the target and distractors were defined as the combinations of the bar orientation and the element shape, i.e., both spatial scales were relevant, the detection of the target required slow serial scrutiny of the search array. It is possible that the conjunction search could not be performed in parallel because switches between the two scales (or spatial frequency channels) are linked to attention and the task required the use of both scales in order to find the target.
特雷斯曼和吉拉德（1980）的特征整合模型认为，对单独的（“原始的”）刺激特征的搜索是并行的，但这些特征的结合需要串行扫描。最近，越来越多的证据表明，并行处理不仅限于这些“原始的”刺激特征，特征的组合也能产生并行搜索。在本文所报告的实验中，当一个组合的刺激特征处于不同空间尺度时，对特征结合的处理进行了研究。搜索阵列中的图案由三个十字形或T形（局部）元素组成，它们形成了一个倾斜角度为45度或135度的斜条（全局图案）。当目标和干扰项仅在一个空间尺度上彼此不同（要么在斜条方向上，要么在局部元素的形状上）时，目标检测与干扰项的数量无关，即搜索是并行的。在结合任务中，目标和干扰项被定义为斜条方向和元素形状的组合，即两个空间尺度都相关，目标的检测需要对搜索阵列进行缓慢的串行审视。结合搜索可能无法并行执行，因为在两个尺度（或空间频率通道）之间的切换与注意力相关，并且该任务需要使用两个尺度才能找到目标。
