Hawkins J F, Tulleners E P
Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square 19348-1692.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1994 Dec 1;205(11):1577-80.
Epiglottitis was diagnosed and treated in 20 horses (13 Thoroughbreds and 7 Standardbreds) over a 5-year period. Eighteen horses were used for racing, and 2 Standardbreds were broodmares. Primary clinical signs were exercise intolerance, respiratory noise, and coughing. The most common endoscopic diagnosis made by referring veterinarians was epiglottic entrapment (11 horses). In 19 horses, endoscopic evaluation at admission revealed mucosal ulceration and thickening of the lingual surface of the epiglottis. Other endoscopic findings included dorsal displacement of the soft palate (14 horses), and dorsal deviation of the epiglottic axis (11 horses). Only 1 horse had epiglottic entrapment. Treatment consisting of stall confinement for 7 to 14 days, topical administration of a solution of furacin, dimethyl sulfoxide, glycerin, and prednisolone, and systemic administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids was effective in controlling epiglottic edema and inflammation. Antimicrobials were administered to 6 horses. Racing performance of the 18 racehorses was evaluated by examination of racing records. One horse was still convalescing at the time of the study, and 1 horse had been euthanatized 1 week after treatment for epiglottitis because of colic. The remaining 16 horses all started at least 1 race (mean time between initial examination and start of first race, 74 days; range, 8 to 265 days). Thirteen horses started at least 4 races following treatment for epiglottitis; racing performance after treatment was the same in 8 and decreased in 5. Long-term sequelae of epiglottitis included epiglottic deformity (5 horses), intermittent or persistent dorsal displacement of the soft palate (4 horses), and epiglottic entrapment (1 horse).
在5年期间，对20匹马（13匹纯种马和7匹标准赛马）诊断并治疗了会厌炎。18匹马用于比赛，2匹标准赛马是母马。主要临床症状为运动不耐受、呼吸杂音和咳嗽。转诊兽医做出的最常见内镜诊断是会厌陷入（11匹马）。19匹马入院时的内镜评估显示会厌舌面黏膜溃疡和增厚。其他内镜检查结果包括软腭背侧移位（14匹马）和会厌轴背侧偏斜（11匹马）。只有1匹马有会厌陷入。治疗包括圈厩饲养7至14天、局部应用呋喃西林、二甲基亚砜、甘油和泼尼松龙溶液，以及全身应用非甾体抗炎药和皮质类固醇，对控制会厌水肿和炎症有效。6匹马使用了抗菌药物。通过检查比赛记录评估了18匹赛马的比赛表现。在研究时，1匹马仍在恢复中，1匹马在治疗会厌炎1周后因腹痛实施了安乐死。其余16匹马都至少参加了1场比赛（初次检查至第一场比赛开始的平均时间为74天；范围为8至265天）。13匹马在治疗会厌炎后至少参加了4场比赛；治疗后的比赛表现，8匹马相同，5匹马下降。会厌炎的长期后遗症包括会厌畸形（5匹马）、软腭间歇性或持续性背侧移位（4匹马）和会厌陷入（1匹马）。
