Alfaro J, Berdichevsky E, Conte G, Tellez C
Depto de Medicina, Hospital José Joaquín Aguirre, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 1994 Jun;122(6):694-8.
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug with a very low incidence of extrapyramidal effects, used in the treatment of schizophrenic patients refractory or intolerant to classical neuroleptics. Its use is limited due to the potential risk of producing agranulocytosis in 1 to 2% of patients. Despite the severity of this complication, the Federal Drug Administration allowed its use as long as its prescription is associated to a drug surveillance program that controls regularly the white cell count of patients using the drug. Three hundred three patients (210 male) have been admitted to a clozapine drug surveillance program. Two patients had a transitory leukopenia with less than 2000 leukocytes/ml and less than 1000 neutrophyls/ml, that reverted after discontinuing the drug. One patient, whose case is described, had a severe agranulocytosis with less than 500 neutrophyls/ml that required hospital admission.
氯氮平是一种非典型抗精神病药物，锥体外系反应发生率极低，用于治疗对传统抗精神病药物难治或不耐受的精神分裂症患者。由于1%至2%的患者有发生粒细胞缺乏症的潜在风险，其应用受到限制。尽管这种并发症很严重，但美国食品药品监督管理局允许其使用，只要开此药时与一个药物监测项目相关联，该项目定期监测使用该药患者的白细胞计数。303例患者（210例男性）进入了氯氮平药物监测项目。2例患者出现短暂性白细胞减少，白细胞计数低于2000/毫升，中性粒细胞计数低于1000/毫升，停药后恢复正常。本文描述了1例患者，该患者发生严重粒细胞缺乏症，中性粒细胞计数低于500/毫升，需要住院治疗。
