Smith C A, Wallston K A, Dwyer K A
Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37203, USA.
Health Psychol. 1995 Jan;14(1):64-73. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.14.1.64.
The degree to which self-reports of health and functioning reflect negativity (NA), a dispositional tendency to emphasize the negative, was examined with data from a 7-year longitudinal study of adaptation to rheumatoid arthritis. Principal component analyses performed on each of 8 waves of data consistently indicated that the dominant factor in these data was defined by measures of pain and functional impairment. In the final wave, Disease Impact, a scale derived from this component, was directly compared to NA. The 2 scales demonstrated considerable discriminant validity, and most of the significant intercorrelations among Disease Impact and the other variables examined remained statistically significant after the influence of NA was partialed out. These results suggest that reports of pain, impairment, and associated variables reflected disease-related outcomes and processes and not simply NA.
通过一项针对类风湿性关节炎适应情况的7年纵向研究的数据，考察了健康和功能的自我报告反映消极性（NA，一种强调消极方面的性格倾向）的程度。对8个数据波段中的每一个进行的主成分分析一致表明，这些数据中的主导因素由疼痛和功能损害的测量指标界定。在最后一个波段中，将从该成分得出的量表“疾病影响”直接与消极性进行比较。这两个量表显示出相当大的判别效度，并且在排除消极性的影响后，疾病影响与所考察的其他变量之间的大多数显著相互关系仍具有统计学意义。这些结果表明，疼痛、损害及相关变量的报告反映了与疾病相关的结果和过程，而不仅仅是消极性。
