Woo J K, Lantz M S
Department of Geriatrics and Adult Development, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Geriatrics. 1995 May;50(5):50-3.
Up to one-third of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease may show improvement in cognitive function with tacrine, a centrally-acting, noncompetitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. Candidates for tacrine must have a diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's dementia based on NINCDS-ADRDA or DSM-IV criteria and should have no history of liver disease. For patients receiving the drug, do follow-up cognitive testing with a sensitive measure such as the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale. The most common adverse effects associated with tacrine therapy are elevated liver transaminases and gastrointestinal effects. Weekly blood tests are necessary to monitor liver function. A reliable caregiver is essential to ensure compliance with frequent dosing and weekly blood testing.
高达三分之一的轻至中度阿尔茨海默病患者使用他克林后认知功能可能会有所改善。他克林是一种中枢作用的、非竞争性乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂。使用他克林的患者必须根据美国国立神经疾病与中风研究所和阿尔茨海默病及相关疾病协会（NINCDS-ADRDA）或《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）标准确诊为可能的阿尔茨海默病痴呆，且不应有肝脏疾病史。对于接受该药物治疗的患者，应使用如阿尔茨海默病评估量表等敏感方法进行随访认知测试。与他克林治疗相关的最常见不良反应是肝转氨酶升高和胃肠道反应。需要每周进行血液检查以监测肝功能。可靠的照料者对于确保患者遵守频繁给药和每周血液检查至关重要。
