Ganaway G K
Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 1995 Apr;43(2):127-44. doi: 10.1080/00207149508409957.
It is contended that prevailing exogenous trauma theory provides in most cases neither a sufficient nor a necessary explanation for the current large number of diagnosed cases of dissociative identity disorder (multiple personality disorder) and related dissociative syndromes purported to have arisen as a response to severe early childhood physical and sexual abuse. Relevant aspects of instinctual drive theory, ego psychology, object relations theory, self psychology, social psychological theory, sociocultural influences, and experimental hypnosis findings are drawn on to demonstrate the importance of adopting a more integrative theoretical perspective in the diagnosis and treatment of severe dissociative syndromes. Further cooperative experimental and clinical research on the etiology, prevalence, and clinical manifestations of the group of dissociative disorders is strongly encouraged.
有人认为，普遍的外源性创伤理论在大多数情况下，对于当前大量被诊断为分离性身份障碍（多重人格障碍）及相关分离性综合征的病例，既不能提供充分的解释，也不是必要的解释。这些病例据称是对儿童早期严重身体和性虐待的反应。本文借鉴了本能驱力理论、自我心理学、客体关系理论、自体心理学、社会心理学理论、社会文化影响以及实验性催眠研究结果的相关方面，以证明在严重分离性综合征的诊断和治疗中采用更综合的理论视角的重要性。强烈鼓励对分离性障碍群体的病因、患病率和临床表现进行进一步的合作实验和临床研究。
