Pantić V R
Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
Int Rev Cytol. 1995;159:1-112. doi: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)62105-1.
Results obtained by examining hypothalamic neurons producing precursors to neurohormones, and pituitary cells synthesizing peptide and glycoprotein families of hormones, and recent advances in comparative endocrinology, have been summarized and considered from the following viewpoints: species specificity in the organization and communication of the hypothalamic neurons with different brain areas lying inside the BBB and with CVOs; sensitivity of hypothalamic neurons and pituitary cells to the environmental stimuli; gonadal steroids as modulators of gene expression needed for neuronal differentiation and synaptogenesis; dose(s)-dependent pituitary cell proliferation and differentiation; an inverse relationship between PRL and GH synthesis and release and also between degree of hyperplasia and hypertrophy of PRL cells and retardation of GTH cell differentiation; and responsiveness of neurons producing CRH, and of neurons and pituitary cells synthesizing POMC hormones, to stress and glucocorticosteroids. These data show that growth of the animals may be stimulated, retarded, or inhibited; reproductive properties and behavior may be under hormonal control; and character of responsiveness in reaction to stress, and ability for adaptation and other related functions, may be controlled.
通过检查产生神经激素前体的下丘脑神经元、合成肽类和糖蛋白类激素的垂体细胞所获得的结果，以及比较内分泌学的最新进展，已从以下观点进行了总结和思考：下丘脑神经元与血脑屏障内不同脑区以及与室周器官在组织和通讯方面的物种特异性；下丘脑神经元和垂体细胞对环境刺激的敏感性；性腺类固醇作为神经元分化和突触形成所需基因表达的调节剂；剂量依赖性垂体细胞增殖和分化；催乳素与生长激素合成和释放之间以及催乳素细胞增生和肥大程度与促性腺激素细胞分化延迟之间的负相关关系；以及产生促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素的神经元、合成促肾上腺皮质激素原激素的神经元和垂体细胞对应激和糖皮质激素的反应性。这些数据表明，动物的生长可能受到刺激、延迟或抑制；生殖特性和行为可能受激素控制；对应激反应的反应特性、适应能力和其他相关功能可能受到控制。
