Efem S E
University Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria.
J R Coll Surg Edinb. 1995 Feb;40(1):25-7.
This review of 299 cases of breast abscesses seen over a 10-year period (1981-1990) at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital in Nigeria seeks to establish the current status of breast abscesses in the tropics. Lactational breast abscess constitutes 95% of breast abscesses while non-lactational breast abscess constitutes only 5% in this review. The commonest pathogen cultured from lactational breast abscess is Staphylococcus aureus and the disease responds to incision and drainage and systemic antibiotics, while non-lactational breast abscess is caused mostly by anaerobic organisms, usually with underlying mammary duct ectasia. The low incidence of non-lactational breast abscess corresponds to the low incidence of cigarette smoking and mammary duct ectasia in Nigerian women. While the high incidence of lactational breast abscess corresponds to the high rate of breast feeding and low level of personal hygiene in the low income group Nigerian women in which the disease is commonest. Economic recession has also reduced patronage of artificial feeds thus intensifying breast feeding and consequent lactational breast abscess.
本综述对尼日利亚卡拉巴尔大学教学医院在10年期间（1981 - 1990年）收治的299例乳房脓肿病例进行了研究，旨在确定热带地区乳房脓肿的现状。在本综述中，哺乳期乳房脓肿占乳房脓肿的95%，而非哺乳期乳房脓肿仅占5%。从哺乳期乳房脓肿中培养出的最常见病原体是金黄色葡萄球菌，该病对切开引流和全身使用抗生素有反应，而非哺乳期乳房脓肿主要由厌氧菌引起，通常伴有潜在的乳腺导管扩张。非哺乳期乳房脓肿的低发病率与尼日利亚女性吸烟率低和乳腺导管扩张发生率低相对应。而哺乳期乳房脓肿的高发病率与母乳喂养率高以及该病最常见的低收入群体尼日利亚女性个人卫生水平低相对应。经济衰退也减少了人工喂养的使用，从而加剧了母乳喂养及随之而来的哺乳期乳房脓肿。
