Sobel R A
Laboratory Service (113), Palo Alto VA Medical Center, CA 94304, USA.
Neurol Clin. 1995 Feb;13(1):1-21.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurologic disease characterized in early phases by a cellular immune response and later by multiple areas of demyelination or plaques in the central nervous system (CNS) white matter. The clinical manifestations of the disease are highly variable, but probably are related to the extent of breakdown of the blood-brain barrier associated with inflammation in the acute phase, and with the extent of demyelination in the chronic phase. The initiating events of MS are not known, but current hypotheses include immune responses to an initiating viral infection and autoimmune responses to CNS myelin antigens. Both inflammatory and CNS resident cells contribute to the immunopathology of the disease. Chronic lesions are characterized by glial scarring and depletion of both oligodendrocytes and axons.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种慢性神经疾病，早期以细胞免疫反应为特征，后期则以中枢神经系统（CNS）白质中的多个脱髓鞘区域或斑块为特征。该疾病的临床表现高度可变，但可能与急性期炎症相关的血脑屏障破坏程度以及慢性期脱髓鞘程度有关。MS的起始事件尚不清楚，但目前的假说包括对起始病毒感染的免疫反应以及对CNS髓鞘抗原的自身免疫反应。炎症细胞和CNS驻留细胞均参与了该疾病的免疫病理学过程。慢性病变的特征是胶质瘢痕形成以及少突胶质细胞和轴突的耗竭。
