Cohen M Z
Department of Nursing, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033, USA.
Semin Oncol Nurs. 1995 Feb;11(1):59-67. doi: 10.1016/s0749-2081(95)80044-1.
A better understanding of the meaning of cancer and oncology nursing may yield insights that will help identify ways in which nurses can obtain the resources they need to meet their own needs and to provide effective care. This article briefly reviews literature on job stress, burnout, coping, and job satisfaction and summarizes our research on nurses' descriptions of the meaning and nature of their work with cancer patients. Nurses described having three important roles: maintaining the goals and values of health care; participating in the patients' experiences; and reconciling the health care values and the patients' experiences (ie, the other two roles). Aspects that are rewarding are also difficult and individual experiences and perceptions changed the meaning of work, the needs nurses have, and the care they provide. The work of nursing may be most satisfying when nurses can articulate the meaning of their work and most effective when they understand how these meanings affect patient care.
对癌症及肿瘤护理意义的更深入理解，可能会带来一些见解，有助于确定护士获取满足自身需求及提供有效护理所需资源的途径。本文简要回顾了关于工作压力、职业倦怠、应对方式和工作满意度的文献，并总结了我们对护士描述其与癌症患者工作的意义和性质的研究。护士们描述了三个重要角色：维护医疗保健的目标和价值观；参与患者的经历；协调医疗保健价值观与患者经历（即其他两个角色）。有回报的方面也很困难，个人经历和看法改变了工作的意义、护士的需求以及他们提供的护理。当护士能够阐明其工作的意义时，护理工作可能最令人满意；当他们理解这些意义如何影响患者护理时，护理工作可能最有效。
