Ball S G, Buchwald A M, Waddell M T, Shekhar A
Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202-5111, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1995 May;183(5):304-8. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199505000-00005.
Questionnaires and clinician rating scales have been used to assess anxious and depressive symptoms among patients with panic disorder, but these methods do not usually evaluate symptoms in the same terms as the standardized criteria of diagnostic interviews. The present study provides data on the prevalence of symptoms of major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder in 64 patients with panic disorder. Symptoms were assessed using DSM-III-R definitional criteria that consider not only the presence and severity of symptoms, but also their duration and pervasiveness. Depressive symptoms that most frequently met definitional criteria for diagnostic significance were fatigue, insomnia, and concentration difficulties. Over 50% of the sample endorsed feelings of tension, irritability, and restlessness. Disturbances in appetite, feelings of worthlessness, and suicidal ideation were found in less than 10% of the nondepressed panic patients. The implications of these findings for conceptualizing the comorbidity among anxiety and depressive disorders are discussed.
问卷调查和临床医生评定量表已被用于评估惊恐障碍患者的焦虑和抑郁症状，但这些方法通常不会按照与诊断访谈的标准化标准相同的方式来评估症状。本研究提供了64例惊恐障碍患者中重度抑郁症和广泛性焦虑症症状患病率的数据。使用《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本（DSM-III-R）的定义标准来评估症状，该标准不仅考虑症状的存在和严重程度，还考虑其持续时间和普遍性。最常符合具有诊断意义的定义标准的抑郁症状是疲劳、失眠和注意力难以集中。超过50%的样本认可紧张、易怒和坐立不安的感觉。在未患抑郁症的惊恐患者中，食欲紊乱、无价值感和自杀观念的发生率不到10%。本文讨论了这些发现对于理解焦虑症和抑郁症共病情况的意义。
