Bouma M J, Nesbit R
Médecins Sans Frontières-Holland, Medical Department, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Trop Geogr Med. 1995;47(1):12-4.
During the experimental use of fenitrothion to replace malathion for the control of malaria in North West Frontier Province of Pakistan, serious intoxication of Afghan refugee spraymen occurred. A few weeks after commencement of the spraying operations, cholinesterase levels had fallen to 43.8% in personnel mixing the insecticide, and to 60.7% in spraymen, as measured by tintometry. Most of the personnel reported symptoms of overexposure and the spraying operations had to be discontinued. Intoxication of personnel resulted in poor coverage of the target area. High ambient temperatures during Pakistan's spray season discourage the use of full-protective clothing. Fenitrothion intoxication observed in the Afghan refugee programme, and similar experiences in Pakistan in the past, suggest that this insecticide is too toxic for routine use, when the compliance with safety precautions cannot be effectively supervised.
在巴基斯坦西北边境省使用杀螟硫磷替代马拉硫磷来控制疟疾的试验过程中，阿富汗难民喷雾作业人员发生了严重中毒事件。喷雾作业开始几周后，通过比色法测量，调配杀虫剂人员的胆碱酯酶水平降至43.8%，喷雾作业人员的胆碱酯酶水平降至60.7%。大多数人员报告了过度暴露的症状，喷雾作业不得不停止。人员中毒导致目标区域的喷洒覆盖率很低。巴基斯坦喷雾季节的高温不利于使用全套防护服。在阿富汗难民项目中观察到的杀螟硫磷中毒情况以及巴基斯坦过去的类似经历表明，当无法有效监督安全预防措施的遵守情况时，这种杀虫剂毒性太大，不适用于常规使用。
