Anderson J J, Pollitzer W S
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7400, USA.
Adv Nutr Res. 1994;9:129-49. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-9092-4_8.
A plethora of investigations in recent years has demonstrated the occurrence of ethnic differences in bone mineral content, bone density and fracture rates. These findings indicate that genetic determinants exist both for bone development during growth and for bone loss during aging. Twin and parent-offspring studies have corroborated the existence of a hereditary component. It is most evident in the greater bone mass and lower fracture rate in blacks than in whites. Differences in bone mass between Asians and whites are less clear than between blacks and whites because of disparities in body size and other confounding factors. Black children and adults excrete less urinary calcium than whites on essentially the same diets and consequently retain more calcium in their skeletons. Better calcium retention is commensurate with the faster rate of bone growth of black children.
近年来大量研究表明，在骨矿物质含量、骨密度和骨折率方面存在种族差异。这些发现表明，生长期间骨骼发育以及衰老期间骨质流失均存在遗传决定因素。双胞胎和亲子研究证实了遗传因素的存在。这在黑人比白人具有更高的骨量和更低的骨折率中最为明显。由于体型差异和其他混杂因素，亚洲人和白人之间的骨量差异不如黑人和白人之间那么明显。在基本相同的饮食条件下，黑人儿童和成年人的尿钙排泄量比白人少，因此骨骼中保留的钙更多。更好的钙保留与黑人儿童更快的骨骼生长速度相称。
