Sasco A J, Grizeau D, Danzon M
Unit of Analytical Epidemiology, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Cancer Detect Prev. 1995;19(2):210-8.
Tobacco is responsible for a third of all cancers, as well as a large proportion of cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases. Monitoring of the tobacco epidemic is necessary everywhere, in particular in non-English-speaking countries where until recently no decrease was seen in tobacco consumption. National population surveys have been conducted repeatedly on representative samples of both the adolescent and adult French population to evaluate trends in smoking behavior. A decrease can be noted in the population of adolescent smokers of both sexes-from 46% in 1977 to 30% in 1991. Among adults the overall figure is rather stable due to contrasting trends, with a general decrease among men (although not among young men aged 18 to 24) counterbalanced by an increase among women. Future health education efforts should focus on women of all ages but should not neglect young men, although the decrease observed among girls and boys is promising.
烟草导致了三分之一的癌症，以及很大一部分心血管疾病和慢性呼吸道疾病。世界各地都有必要对烟草流行情况进行监测，尤其是在非英语国家，直到最近这些国家的烟草消费量都未见下降。法国多次针对青少年和成年人群体的代表性样本开展全国性人口调查，以评估吸烟行为的趋势。可以注意到，青少年男女吸烟者的人数都有所减少——从1977年的46%降至1991年的30%。在成年人中，由于趋势相反，总体数字相当稳定，男性总体呈下降趋势（18至24岁的年轻男性除外），而女性人数增加起到了平衡作用。未来的健康教育工作应关注所有年龄段的女性，但也不应忽视年轻男性，尽管观察到的女孩和男孩吸烟人数下降趋势令人鼓舞。
