Astin M C, Ogland-Hand S M, Coleman E M, Foy D S
Fuller Graduate School of Psychology, Pasadena, California, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1995 Apr;63(2):308-12. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.63.2.308.
In the present study, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) prevalence rates were compared among 50 battered women and 37 maritally distressed women who had not experienced battering (N = 87). Participants were administered R. Spitzer and I. B. S. Williams's (1985) Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-III-R (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [3rd ed., rev.]) to assess PTSD status and previous traumatic experiences in addition to other standardized measures of PTSD and violence exposure. Battered women exhibited significantly higher rates of PTSD than maritally distressed women (58% vs. 18.9%). Although both groups had similar rates of previous trauma experiences, women with a PTSD-positive status (both battered women and maritally distressed women) were significantly more likely to have experienced self-reported childhood sexual abuse and a higher overall number of previous traumas than those with a PTSD-negative status. Battering exposure and childhood sexual abuse predicted 37% of the variance in overall PTSD intensity levels.
在本研究中，对50名受虐妇女和37名未经历过家暴的婚姻关系困扰妇女（N = 87）的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）患病率进行了比较。除了其他PTSD和暴力暴露的标准化测量方法外，还让参与者接受了R. 斯皮策和I. B. S. 威廉姆斯（1985年）的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本（DSM-III-R）结构化临床访谈，以评估PTSD状况和既往创伤经历。受虐妇女的PTSD患病率显著高于婚姻关系困扰妇女（58%对18.9%）。尽管两组既往创伤经历的发生率相似，但PTSD呈阳性的妇女（包括受虐妇女和婚姻关系困扰妇女）比PTSD呈阴性的妇女更有可能自述童年遭受过性虐待，且既往创伤的总数更多。遭受家暴和童年性虐待可预测PTSD总体强度水平中37%的变异。
