Zarvan N P, Lee F T, Yandow D R, Unger J S
Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin Hospital & Clinics, Madison 53792-3252, USA.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1995 Jun;164(6):1391-5. doi: 10.2214/ajr.164.6.7754880.
Abdominal hernias remain a common and vexing problem for both clinicians and radiologists. Unlike inguinal hernias, which are usually diagnosed clinically and are amenable to minor surgical repair, internal hernias can be difficult to diagnose, require more extensive surgical intervention, and have an increased risk of serious complications. Additionally, it is important to recognize structures contained within a hernia sac, so that precautions are taken at surgery. Therefore, accurate preoperative diagnosis can lead to more timely and appropriate surgical management. Abdominal imaging is often the first clue to the correct diagnosis. In the past, the diagnosis of a hernia was either made clinically, with plain radiographs, or with barium studies [1]. Currently, specific diagnoses are made more frequently by CT in patients with nonspecific abdominal complaints [2]. The CT findings may be subtle or confusing; therefore, familiarity with a broad range of imaging appearances can help the radiologist make an early and specific diagnosis of abdominal hernia.
腹外疝对临床医生和放射科医生来说仍然是一个常见且棘手的问题。与通常通过临床诊断且适合小型手术修复的腹股沟疝不同，内疝可能难以诊断，需要更广泛的手术干预，并且严重并发症的风险增加。此外，识别疝囊内包含的结构很重要，以便在手术时采取预防措施。因此，准确的术前诊断可以带来更及时和恰当的手术管理。腹部影像学检查往往是正确诊断的首要线索。过去，疝的诊断要么通过临床检查、普通X线片，要么通过钡剂检查做出[1]。目前，对于有非特异性腹部症状的患者，CT更常用于做出具体诊断[2]。CT表现可能很细微或令人困惑；因此，熟悉广泛的影像学表现有助于放射科医生早期准确诊断腹外疝。
