Smith C A
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 1995 May-Jun;16(3):275-84. doi: 10.3109/01612849509006940.
Involuntary outpatient commitment (IOC) in some form has been adopted by all states as an alternative to hospital commitment. Regulations for IOC vary among the states. Although some studies have shown that IOC reduces hospital admission rates, research findings have not clearly determined the effectiveness of IOC or the type of concurrent care measures indicated. The limited community care available for IOC patients, the legalities, and the ethical issues surrounding the restriction of a client's autonomy and self-determination are rarely addressed. Nurses need to be prepared to advocate for patients who may be at risk for violation of their basic rights. More research is needed to validate the effectiveness of IOC and to determine when IOC is justified to support an individualized treatment program.
所有州都采用了某种形式的非自愿门诊治疗（IOC）作为住院治疗的替代方案。各州关于IOC的规定各不相同。尽管一些研究表明IOC降低了住院率，但研究结果尚未明确确定IOC的有效性或所指出的同步护理措施的类型。很少有人讨论为IOC患者提供的有限社区护理、合法性以及围绕限制患者自主权和自决权的伦理问题。护士需要做好准备，为可能面临基本权利受到侵犯风险的患者进行辩护。需要更多的研究来验证IOC的有效性，并确定何时IOC有理由支持个性化治疗方案。
