Waskel S A
Department of Gerontology, University of Nebraska at Omaha 68182, USA.
J Psychol. 1995 Mar;129(2):221-33. doi: 10.1080/00223980.1995.9914960.
Individuals (N = 331) between the ages 35 and 55 completed a death concern scale and a temperament type sorter and provided information relative to the intensity of and their ability to identify a midlife crisis event. Participants were classified within temperament types by gender, education level, crisis intensity, and ability to identify the crisis event. Five temperament types (ESTJ [extrovert, sensing, thinking, judging], ESFJ [extrovert, sensing, feeling, judging], ISFJ [introvert, sensing, feeling, judging], ISTJ [introvert, sensing, thinking, judging], and ENFP [extrovert, intuitive, feeling, perceiving]) significantly correlated with thinking about and anxiety about death. Gender and education level, as well as crisis intensity, also correlated significantly with death concerns. Temperament type characteristics that may have relevancy to the findings are discussed.
年龄在35岁至55岁之间的331名个体完成了一份死亡担忧量表和一份气质类型分类器，并提供了与中年危机事件的强度及其识别能力相关的信息。参与者根据性别、教育水平、危机强度和识别危机事件的能力被归类为不同的气质类型。五种气质类型（ESTJ[外向、实感、思考、判断]、ESFJ[外向、实感、情感、判断]、ISFJ[内向、实感、情感、判断]、ISTJ[内向、实感、思考、判断]和ENFP[外向、直觉、情感、感知]）与对死亡的思考和焦虑显著相关。性别、教育水平以及危机强度也与死亡担忧显著相关。文中讨论了可能与这些发现相关的气质类型特征。
