Varney S M, Rohsenow D J, Dey A N, Myers M G, Zwick W R, Monti P M
Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1995 Feb;21(1):81-91. doi: 10.3109/00952999509095231.
Motivational and decisional models suggest that those who seek help for substance use problems may differ from those who do not seek help in terms of their belief that substance use is creating social and personal negative consequences and their perceived dependence. In this study, help seeking for cocaine use was hypothesized to be a function of the negative consequences from cocaine, perceiving oneself as dependent on cocaine, quantity and frequency of use, cost of use, and route of administration. A sample of 161 substance abusers in treatment who had used any cocaine in the last 6 months completed questionnaires regarding the quantity, frequency, history, and perceptions of the consequences of their cocaine use. Of the 161 subjects, 113 (70.2%) had at some time sought help from someone for their cocaine use. After controlling for marital and employment status, a logistic regression revealed that the number of negative consequences experienced, feeling dependent on cocaine, and the amount of cocaine used were associated with seeking help for cocaine use. Additionally, a logistic regression was performed to determine factors associated with cocaine users' reporting that they feel dependent on cocaine. Significant variables included number of negative consequences experienced and frequency of use. Consistent with motivational and decisional models, results suggest that clients' motivation to seek help for cocaine use is related primarily to adverse consequences of use. Theoretical and clinical implications of results are discussed.
动机和决策模型表明，那些因药物使用问题寻求帮助的人，与那些不寻求帮助的人相比，在他们认为药物使用正在造成社会和个人负面后果以及他们所感知的依赖性方面可能存在差异。在本研究中，寻求可卡因使用帮助被假设为可卡因带来的负面后果、认为自己对可卡因有依赖、使用量和频率、使用成本以及给药途径的函数。对161名在过去6个月内使用过可卡因的正在接受治疗的药物滥用者进行抽样，让他们填写关于可卡因使用量、频率、历史以及对其后果认知的问卷。在这161名受试者中，113人（70.2%）曾在某个时候就其可卡因使用向他人寻求过帮助。在控制婚姻和就业状况后，逻辑回归分析显示，经历的负面后果数量、对可卡因有依赖的感觉以及使用的可卡因量与寻求可卡因使用帮助有关。此外，还进行了逻辑回归分析，以确定与可卡因使用者报告他们感觉对可卡因有依赖相关的因素。显著变量包括经历的负面后果数量和使用频率。与动机和决策模型一致，结果表明，客户寻求可卡因使用帮助的动机主要与使用的不良后果有关。讨论了结果的理论和临床意义。
