Pickford R W
Confin Psychiatr. 1975;18(3):163-7.
The study of the psychopathology of expression deals with abnormal tendencies and themes in paintings and creative products of mental and other patients, and the same kinds of themes in the work of normal artists. Its values are as follows: for diagnosis in revealing patients' problems through observation of deviations from normal tendencies and themes in their art; for treatment in giving insight and understanding to the patient; in relation to modern art because it makes clear what is often confused and bizarre; in relation to classical art because some of the same themes and tendencies are often present and it helps us to understand them; in relation to the study of creativity because sources of inspiration become apparent when underlying themes and tendencies are revealed. It cannot, however, explain fully the real nature of art.
表情的精神病理学研究涉及精神疾病患者及其他患者绘画作品和创意产品中的异常倾向与主题，以及正常艺术家作品中的同类主题。其价值如下：用于诊断，通过观察患者艺术作品中偏离正常倾向和主题的情况来揭示患者问题；用于治疗，使患者获得洞察力和理解；与现代艺术相关，因为它能厘清常令人困惑和怪异的内容；与古典艺术相关，因为其中常存在一些相同的主题和倾向，有助于我们理解它们；与创造力研究相关，因为当潜在主题和倾向被揭示时，灵感来源便会显现。然而，它无法完全解释艺术的真正本质。
