Janssen D B, van der Ploeg J R, Pries F
Department of Biochemistry, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
Biodegradation. 1994 Dec;5(3-4):249-57. doi: 10.1007/BF00696463.
Dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) is a synthetic compound that is not known to be formed naturally. Nevertheless, several pure microbial cultures are able to use it as a sole carbon source for growth. Degradation of 1,2-DCE proceeds via 2-chloroethanol, chloroacetaldehyde and chloroacetate to glycolate. The genes encoding the enzymes responsible for the conversion of 1,2-DCE to glycolic acid have been isolated. The haloalkane dehalogenase and an aldehyde dehydrogenase are plasmid encoded. Two other enzymes, the alcohol dehydrogenase and the haloacid dehalogenase, are chromosomally encoded. Sequence analysis indicates that the haloacid dehalogenase belongs to the L-specific 2-chloroproprionic acid dehalogenases. From the three-dimensional structure and sequence similarities, the haloalkane dehalogenase appears to be a member of the alpha/beta hydrolase fold hydrolytic enzymes, of which several are involved in the degradation of aromatic and aliphatic xenobiotic compounds.
二氯乙烷（1,2-二氯乙烷）是一种合成化合物，并非天然形成。然而，几种纯微生物培养物能够将其用作唯一碳源进行生长。1,2-二氯乙烷的降解过程经由2-氯乙醇、氯乙醛和氯乙酸生成乙醇酸。负责将1,2-二氯乙烷转化为乙醇酸的酶的编码基因已被分离出来。卤代烷脱卤酶和醛脱氢酶由质粒编码。另外两种酶，醇脱氢酶和卤代酸脱卤酶，则由染色体编码。序列分析表明，卤代酸脱卤酶属于L-特异性2-氯丙酸脱卤酶。从三维结构和序列相似性来看，卤代烷脱卤酶似乎是α/β水解酶折叠水解酶家族的一员，其中有几种酶参与芳香族和脂肪族外源化合物的降解。
