Brosky T, Nyland J, Nitz A, Caborn D N
University of Kentucky Sports Medicine Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1995 Apr;21(4):197-205. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1995.21.4.197.
Injury to the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis (DTFS) may be more common than previously reported. This injury is typically caused by external forces which produce sudden ankle dorsiflexion or plantar flexion in combination with external rotation of the foot. Common mechanisms include direct contact with another player or uneven physical terrain. Improper diagnosis of this injury may greatly delay the return to normal functional status and promote the development of chronic instability, degenerative joint changes, and pain. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to review the ligamentous anatomy of the ankle and the incidence of injury to the lateral ligaments of the ankle, with emphasis on DTFS injury. Special tests which enhance the recognition of DTFS injury, such as the external rotation stress test and the distal tibiofibular compression test, and a rehabilitation progression are presented.
胫腓下联合损伤（DTFS）可能比先前报道的更为常见。这种损伤通常由外力引起，这些外力会导致突然的踝关节背屈或跖屈，并伴有足部的外旋。常见机制包括与其他运动员直接接触或不平整的物理地形。对这种损伤的不当诊断可能会大大延迟恢复正常功能状态的时间，并促进慢性不稳定、关节退变和疼痛的发展。本临床评论的目的是回顾踝关节的韧带解剖结构以及踝关节外侧韧带的损伤发生率，重点是DTFS损伤。还介绍了有助于识别DTFS损伤的特殊检查，如外旋应力试验和胫腓下压缩试验，以及康复进展。
