Chow J C
Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, Reno, USA.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 1995 May;45(5):320-82. doi: 10.1080/10473289.1995.10467369.
One of the most important parts of formulating a National Ambient Air Quality Standard is specifying the measurement methods for determining and attaining compliance. The samples taken for compliance are often pushed beyond their original purpose to identify sources, to evaluate the effectiveness of controls, and to determine relationships between pollution levels and public health. A full understanding of available sampling and analysis methods is needed, as well as an analysis of their costs, before acceptable monitoring approached can be specified. This review identifies issues related to measurement methods used to determine compliance with standards, describes current and future measurement methods and their limitations, and determines the extent to which existing technology can meet short-term and long-term needs for measuring compliance.
制定国家环境空气质量标准最重要的部分之一是规定用于确定是否达标及实现达标的测量方法。为达标而采集的样本常常被用于超出其最初目的的用途，如识别污染源、评估控制措施的有效性以及确定污染水平与公众健康之间的关系。在确定可接受的监测方法之前，需要全面了解可用的采样和分析方法及其成本。本综述确定了与用于确定是否符合标准的测量方法相关的问题，描述了当前和未来的测量方法及其局限性，并确定了现有技术能够满足测量达标情况的短期和长期需求的程度。
