Tobimatsu S
Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University.
Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 1994 Dec;34(12):1250-2.
Recent advances in parallel information processing of primates and humans have been reviewed. First, I review what is known about physiology and anatomy of the primate visual pathways. Several lines of evidence suggest that the primate visual system consists of the parvocellular (P) and the magnocellular (M) pathways. M-system originates from the A retinal ganglion cells that project to the visual cortex (V1) via the magnocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). This system plays an important role for motion and stereopsis. P-system derives from the B retinal ganglion cells that project to V1 via the parvocellular layers of the LGN. This system shows selectivity for color vision and form perception. Second, I focus on the information processing of the human visual pathways. Psychophysical evidence suggests that there are also P and M systems in humans. However, there have been few electrophysiological studies which intend to separate the responses specific to P and M systems in human visual evoked potentials (VEPs). Based on the physiological distinctions between P and M systems, the use of isoluminant color patterns and apparent motion display allows us to evaluate P and M systems, respectively.
本文综述了灵长类动物和人类并行信息处理方面的最新进展。首先，我回顾了灵长类动物视觉通路的生理学和解剖学知识。多条证据表明，灵长类动物视觉系统由小细胞（P）通路和大细胞（M）通路组成。M通路起源于A视网膜神经节细胞，这些细胞通过外侧膝状体核（LGN）的大细胞层投射到视觉皮层（V1）。该系统在运动和立体视觉中起重要作用。P通路源自B视网膜神经节细胞，这些细胞通过LGN的小细胞层投射到V1。该系统对颜色视觉和形状感知具有选择性。其次，我重点关注人类视觉通路的信息处理。心理物理学证据表明，人类中也存在P和M系统。然而，很少有旨在区分人类视觉诱发电位（VEP）中P和M系统特异性反应的电生理学研究。基于P和M系统之间的生理学差异，使用等亮度颜色模式和表观运动显示分别可以评估P和M系统。
