Gozlan H, Khazipov R, Ben-Ari Y
INSERM U-29, Université René Descartes, Hôpital de Port-Royal, Paris, France.
J Neurobiol. 1995 Mar;26(3):360-9. doi: 10.1002/neu.480260308.
Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a form of synaptic plasticity thought to be involved in learning and memory. Although extensively studied, mainly in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, the mechanisms underlying the induction and expression of LTP are poorly elucidated. This is probably due to the fact that LTP is not a unique process and indeed recent studies have shown that several forms of LTP could be generated depending on the experimental conditions. Furthermore, LTP is generally associated with a long-lasting increase of the synaptic efficacy of AMPA receptors but an increasing number of data also suggested that NMDA receptors could be potentiated as well. NMDA receptor responses are modulated by a large number of extracellular and intracellular events, providing additional possibilities for the generation of LTP. The role of these different modulatory sites of the NMDA receptor and their relation with LTP are reviewed with a particular attention to the redox site which seems to be a selective target to distinguish between AMPA and NMDA-LTP.
长时程增强（LTP）是一种突触可塑性形式，被认为与学习和记忆有关。尽管已进行了广泛研究，主要是在海马体的CA1区域，但LTP诱导和表达的潜在机制仍未得到充分阐明。这可能是由于LTP不是一个独特的过程，事实上，最近的研究表明，根据实验条件可以产生几种形式的LTP。此外，LTP通常与AMPA受体突触效能的持久增加有关，但越来越多的数据也表明NMDA受体也可能被增强。NMDA受体反应受到大量细胞外和细胞内事件的调节，为LTP的产生提供了更多可能性。本文综述了NMDA受体这些不同调节位点的作用及其与LTP的关系，特别关注氧化还原位点，它似乎是区分AMPA-LTP和NMDA-LTP的一个选择性靶点。
