Baptista D F, Vasconcellos M C, Lopes F E, Silva I P, Schall V T
Departmento de Biologia-IOC/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1994 Sep;25(3):419-24.
A total of 1,426 species of plants had been tested in order to find out a vegetal-derived molluscicide against the vectors of Schistosoma mansoni. Euphorbia splendens is one of the most promising molluscicides. In this article we briefly present the main aspects that have to be considered to use this plant as a molluscicide, which include some agricultural aspects and operational methods for application. This can be done by the extraction of the active principles (millaminas) present in the latex or in the raw juice obtained through total maceration of plants. The culture of E. splendens, which spreads out by vegetative sprouts, showed an annual average growth of 30 cm. After 1.5 years the average productivity of crude latex with a DL90 of 12 ppm concentration, was 1 liter by 8m2 by cultivated area. This amount is enough to treat a volume of water of 97,200 liters. A comparative analysis between the cost of snail control through synthetic molluscicides was carried out based upon the data presented by Jobim (1979) for six controlling methods in several countries, and some cost aspects for E. splendens. This analysis was done considering a geographic parameter expressed by the index cubic meters of treated habitat per square kilometer, from which we can obtain an estimate dimension of the geographic area to be cultivated with E. splendens necessary to treat the same volume of water treated by synthetic molluscicides.
为了找到一种植物源杀螺剂来对付曼氏血吸虫病的传播媒介，总共对1426种植物进行了测试。猩猩草是最有前景的杀螺剂之一。在本文中，我们简要介绍了将这种植物用作杀螺剂时必须考虑的主要方面，其中包括一些农业方面的内容和应用操作方法。这可以通过提取乳胶或通过植物完全浸渍获得的原汁中存在的活性成分（米拉美宁）来实现。通过营养芽繁殖的猩猩草的栽培，年平均生长量为30厘米。1.5年后，浓度为DL90 12 ppm的粗乳胶平均产量为每8平方米栽培面积1升。这个量足以处理97200升水。根据乔宾（1979年）提供的几个国家六种防治方法的数据以及猩猩草的一些成本方面，对通过合成杀螺剂控制蜗牛的成本进行了比较分析。这种分析是考虑了一个由每平方公里处理栖息地立方米指数表示的地理参数进行的，从中我们可以获得一个估计的地理区域维度，该区域需要种植猩猩草来处理与合成杀螺剂处理相同体积的水。
