Shaw G, Connell D, Barron W
National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology, Archerfield, Qld., Australia.
Chemosphere. 1995 May;30(10):1957-68. doi: 10.1016/0045-6535(95)00077-l.
Genotoxic carcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) covalently bind to the bases in DNA to form adducts. The formation of DNA adducts is significant with respect to chemical carcinogenesis. Many contaminated sites contain quantities of carcinogens such as PAHs, and the evaluation of the genotoxicity of these soils has important implications for human risk assessment. DNA adducts can be formed using an in vitro system incorporating extracts from contaminated soils. The 32P-postlabelling assay is a sensitive technique for the detection of DNA adducts from complex mixtures of environmental carcinogens. These techniques have been used to form and detect DNA adducts using soils from a number of coal gasworks sites. The results show that the extent of adduct formation depends partially on the petroleum hydrocarbon content of samples, but also on other undetermined factors related to composition. While environmental weathering has been shown to effect the PAH composition of samples, this is not an important factor in controlling the genotoxicity of samples as estimated by DNA adduct formation.
多环芳烃（PAHs）等基因毒性致癌物会与DNA中的碱基共价结合形成加合物。DNA加合物的形成在化学致癌过程中具有重要意义。许多受污染场地含有多环芳烃等致癌物，对这些土壤的基因毒性进行评估对人类风险评估具有重要意义。可以使用包含受污染土壤提取物的体外系统来形成DNA加合物。32P后标记测定法是一种用于检测环境致癌物复杂混合物中DNA加合物的灵敏技术。这些技术已被用于利用多个煤气厂场地的土壤形成并检测DNA加合物。结果表明，加合物形成的程度部分取决于样品中的石油烃含量，但也取决于与成分相关的其他未确定因素。虽然环境风化已被证明会影响样品的多环芳烃组成，但这并不是控制通过DNA加合物形成估算的样品基因毒性的重要因素。
