Holcomb W F
National Institutes of Health, Division of Safety, Radiation Safety Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Mil Med. 1995 Mar;160(3):115-20.
At the U.S. Public Health Service's National Institutes of Health (NIH), one of the world's largest biomedical and clinical research institutions, 70 to 80% of all research is performed using radiation or radioactive materials. To maintain a safe environment and minimize risks to the health and safety of the employees, patients, visitors, and the surrounding community, a radiation protection program is required. Under U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission licenses and NIH policies, the Radiation Safety Branch (RSB), Division of Safety, administers a comprehensive radiation safety program covering over 3,500 NIH laboratories and some 7,000 laboratory and ancillary staff workers. The NIH radiation protection program provides for the effective supervision, control, and monitoring of all radioactive materials and radiation sources at NIH. This includes activities such as radiation exposure monitoring, laboratory inspections, waste management, consulting, environmental monitoring, and training. Training is considered an integral part of the radiation safety program. RSB offers an extensive training program with over 20 different training courses each year. For example, in 1993 some 6,700 employees attended 243 classes.
在美国公共卫生服务部的国立卫生研究院（NIH），这是世界上最大的生物医学和临床研究机构之一，所有研究的70%至80%是使用辐射或放射性材料进行的。为了维护安全的环境并将对员工、患者、访客及周边社区健康与安全的风险降至最低，需要一个辐射防护计划。根据美国核管理委员会的许可证和NIH的政策，安全司的辐射安全处（RSB）管理着一项全面的辐射安全计划，该计划覆盖3500多个NIH实验室和约7000名实验室及辅助工作人员。NIH的辐射防护计划规定对NIH的所有放射性材料和辐射源进行有效监督、控制和监测。这包括辐射暴露监测、实验室检查、废物管理、咨询、环境监测和培训等活动。培训被视为辐射安全计划不可或缺的一部分。RSB每年提供一个包含20多门不同培训课程的广泛培训计划。例如，1993年约6700名员工参加了243次课程。
