[Clinical and radiologic diagnosis of etiology of macrohematuria from urinary tract].

Clinical, laboratory, ultrasonic, X-ray, and endoscopic methods were used to specify the cause of macrohematuria from the urinary tract at all levels. Seventy-two patients with macrohematuria were examined; in 37 the process was localizes in the urinary tract (pelvic tumors in 2, calculi in 14, bladder tumors in 9, hemorrhagic cystitis in 2, cystic diverticuli in 3, tuberculosis in 1, prostatic adenoma in 2, prostatic cancer in 4, cases). An ultrasonic examination, though a valuable method, failed to detect papillary tumors of the pelvis when used alone. Transabdominal and transrectal ultrasonic examinations are sufficient to diagnose calculi, diverticuli, or cancer of the bladder, and the advantages of computer-aided tomography over ultrasonic examination in the diagnosis of bladder carcinoma are doubtful. Examination of the prostate by transabdominal and transrectal ultrasonic methods helps to assess its true size and shape, detect changes in these parameters both in prostatitis and in tumors, including metastases of the tumor into adjacent organs and tissues. The problem of recognizing metastases of cancer of the bladder and prostate, when computer-aided tomography and magnetic imaging are of no avail for today, is still to be solved.