Grantmyre J E, Thomas A J, Falk R M, Wazzan W, Houlihan D, Coburn M, Lipshultz L I, Belker A M, Nagler H M
Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Fertil Steril. 1995 Jul;64(1):179-84.
To create an alloplastic spermatocele capable of repeated sperm aspiration. The alloplastic spermatocele has long been a theoretical solution to infertility for those patients with congenital absence of the vas deferens or irreversible obstruction of the male reproductive ductal system. Recent studies have suggested that sperm from efferent ducts are capable of fertilization. Clinical use of alloplastic spermatoceles for collection of epididymal sperm has resulted in unacceptably low pregnancy rates. Improvement in spermatocele function may occur if a microsurgical anastomosis is performed to the epididymis.
A newly designed alloplastic spermatocele was implanted in 17 mature male rabbits. The faceplate of the device had a 0.7-mm orifice, allowing direct precise microsurgical anastomosis to a specific loop of the epididymal tubule.
Sperm retrieval was possible in 16/17 (94%) animals. Repeated successful aspirations (total of 73) were performed in all but one animal. The total number of sperm collected per spermatocele averaged 115 x 10(6) (range 0 to 734 x 10(6)). The sperm motility varied widely between animals and specimens, with a maximum average of 21.6% motile sperm/aspirate per animal. All spermatoceles eventually occluded (mean time of occlusion 14 days; range 3 to 30 days). The prostheses with the attached epididymides were examined histologically.
This prototype alloplastic spermatocele allows repeated high density sperm retrieval over a short period of time. Low sperm motility may be less problematic clinically as new techniques of IVF become available.
制造一种能够反复进行精子抽吸的人工精液囊肿。对于先天性输精管缺如或男性生殖管道系统不可逆梗阻的患者，人工精液囊肿长期以来一直是治疗不育症的一种理论解决方案。最近的研究表明，来自输出小管的精子能够受精。使用人工精液囊肿收集附睾精子的临床应用导致了令人难以接受的低妊娠率。如果对附睾进行显微外科吻合术，精液囊肿的功能可能会得到改善。
将一种新设计的人工精液囊肿植入17只成年雄性兔体内。该装置的面板有一个0.7毫米的小孔，允许直接精确地将显微外科吻合到附睾小管的特定环上。
16/17（94%）的动物能够取出精子。除一只动物外，对所有动物都进行了反复成功抽吸（共73次）。每个精液囊肿收集的精子总数平均为115×10⁶（范围为0至734×10⁶）。不同动物和样本之间精子活力差异很大，每只动物每次抽吸的精子平均活力最高为21.6%。所有精液囊肿最终都发生了堵塞（平均堵塞时间为14天；范围为3至30天）。对带有附睾的假体进行了组织学检查。
这种原型人工精液囊肿能够在短时间内反复进行高密度精子采集。随着体外受精新技术的出现，精子活力低在临床上可能不再是大问题。
