Cantor C H, Slater P J
Suicide Research and Prevention Program, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD.
Med J Aust. 1995 Jun 5;162(11):583-5. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb138547.x.
To examine the effect of specific firearm control legislation on firearm and overall suicide rates.
Retrospective survey of data from the Register of the Suicide Research and Prevention Program, Queensland Department of Health. The hypothesis was tested that the legislation would reduce firearm and overall suicides more in metropolitan and provincial city areas than in rural areas, where firearm ownership is higher.
State of Queensland 1990-1993.
Suicide rates by age, sex and method for metropolitan, provincial city and rural areas in the two years before (1990-1991) and after (1992-1993) legislation.
Mean annual firearm suicide rates declined significantly (P < 0.05) in metropolitan and provincial city areas after legislation (from 3.6 to 2.3 per 100,000 and from 5.2 to 3.1 per 100,000, respectively), with significant declines among men and in the 15-29 years age group. Rates increased slightly in rural areas (from 7.2 to 8.2 per 100,000). Overall suicide rates declined in provincial areas only, with minimal change in metropolitan areas and a slight rise in rural areas.
These results provide preliminary evidence that firearm control legislation, including a 28-day "cooling-off" period before firearm purchase, reduces suicide rates, especially among younger adult men.
研究特定枪支管制立法对枪支自杀率及总体自杀率的影响。
对昆士兰卫生部自杀研究与预防项目登记处的数据进行回顾性调查。检验的假设为，与枪支拥有率较高的农村地区相比，该立法在大城市和省会城市地区对减少枪支自杀和总体自杀的效果更显著。
昆士兰州，1990 - 1993年。
立法前（1990 - 1991年）及立法后（1992 - 1993年）两年间，大城市、省会城市和农村地区按年龄、性别及自杀方式划分的自杀率。
立法后，大城市和省会城市地区的年均枪支自杀率显著下降（P < 0.05）（分别从每10万人3.6例降至2.3例，从每10万人5.2例降至3.1例），男性及15 - 29岁年龄组下降显著。农村地区自杀率略有上升（从每10万人7.2例升至8.2例）。仅省会城市地区的总体自杀率下降，大城市地区变化极小，农村地区略有上升。
这些结果提供了初步证据，表明包括购枪前28天“冷静期”在内的枪支管制立法可降低自杀率，尤其是年轻成年男性的自杀率。
